Middle Eastern customs and etiquette

For a region rarely out of the news headlines, the Middle East might not be the first-choice destination for many travellers. But with some of the planet’s greatest ancient, historic and religious sites, incredible food, fantastic beaches and almost year-round sunshine, this seat of civilization – from which three of the world’s major religions emerged, and over which they have ever since squabbled – is as enticing and intoxicating a place as ever.

In order to make the most of your trip, it pays to be aware of the Middle East’s array of legal and social conventions and restrictions, some general and others country-specific.

For further up-to-the-minute advice, go to the Foreign & Commonwealth Office website at www.fco.gov.uk

General tips for Middle East travel

> Across the region, tense and unstable political situations can change in a flash. Keep abreast of news on your travels; most countries have at least one daily English-language newspaper.

> Keep details of your local embassy handy, along with a photocopy of your passport, tickets and visa.

> When visiting areas with potential security problems or anywhere off the established tourist route, seek out and take local advice.

> If you’re travelling during Ramadan, avoid drinking, smoking or eating in public during daylight hours. Remember, too, that opening hours of tourist sites and public transport schedules may be disrupted or restricted.

> Avoid taking photographs of soldiers, policemen, military installations, or at airports and in planes.

> Avoid large public gatherings and demonstrations, which are obvious targets for terrorist activity. Equally, take local advice as a solo traveller if heading out to any remote spots, and try to leave word with your hotel/fellow travellers/friends or family on your whereabouts and planned return date.

> Both men and women should always dress modestly when entering any sort of religious place. Men should cover arms and legs; women should cover arms, legs, neckline and often their heads.

> It pays, in general, for female travellers – especially if solo – to dress conservatively, to avoid unwanted attention. Care should be taken travelling at night and in remote regions.

Country by country guides

Need to know: Egypt

Need to know: Iran

Need to know: Israel & the Palestinian Territories

Need to know: Jordan

Need to know: Lebanon

Need to know: Saudi Arabia

Need to know: Syria

Need to know: United Arab Emirates